Method of and apparatus for heating and ventilating buildings



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1'. J. ORDWAY.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND VENTILATING BUILDINGS.

No. 306,638. Patented Oct. 14, 1884.

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METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND VENTILATING BUILDINGS.-

.No. 306,638. Patehted Oct. 14, 1884.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR'.

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W ATTORNEYS.

- times- STATES Arena intros IRA JAMES ORDWAY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND VENTIL ATING BUILDINGS.

sPncri-"icATroN forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,638, dated October 14,1884. 7 I

Application filed February 12, 1884.

specification.

This invention has for its object to provide a system of heating and ventilating buildings byheated air, whereby the impurities of the heated and breathed air may be eliminated therefrom and the surplus heat of said air be economized by returning the partially-cooled air to the heater to be reheated; or, instead of purifying and reheating the used air, it may be allowed to escape and cold fresh air from without may be supplied to the heater, at the will of the occupants of the house, according to the degreeof heat required.

The invention has also for its object to insulate the circulated heatingair of each room of a house from that of every other room, instead of supplying each room with air from a common drum or reservoir, which is replenished with air returned from the several rooms of the house, as is ordinarily done where a complete circulation of air is employed. Each room is accordingly provided with a complete and independent heating apparatus, which has nothing in common with that of another room, except the heating furnace through which the air-fines lead and to which the eliminated impurities of the reheated air are fed, and each apparatus is provided with a number of inlet and outlet registers located in its proper room or within easy reach of the occupant thereof, so that the heating and ventilation of said room may beeffected, at the will of its occupant, by a continuous circulation of reheated air, or by the passage of separatelyheated fresh air, or by the combined effect of both.

The novel features of my invention will be more particularly pointed out in the claims hereinafter set forth. 7

In the drawings, Figurel isa vertical section of a house, showing my system of heating and ventilating buildings. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the furnace. Figs. 3- and 4 are detail (No model.)

I views of parts of the furnace, and Fig. 5 is a detail view showing the arrangement of the registers.

A indicates a house, in the basement of which is located a furnace, B, through which pass air-fines 0, leading to the rooms E F. The flues O are entirely-separate from eachother, and are supported in the heads of the inner and outer drums, G H, of the furnace. The inner drum, G, supports the fire-pot I, and communicates at its upper end with a pipe, J, leading to the smoke-flue, which pipe is provided with a branch, J, extending down the fire-pot as a means of retarding the draft when a damper, K, in the pipe J is closed. The draft is still further retarded in such'case by a diaphragm, L, located just above the plane of the upper edge of the fire-pot, and provided with an opening, M, to allow the heat and products of combustion to passup into the upper part of the drum before escaping through the pipe J, which extends below the diaphragm.

of the drum G. The outer drum, H, serves as ajacketfor protecting the inner drum from the cooling effect of the outer air, and it also serves as a chamber for receiving air from pipes N N to support combustion. in the drum H becomes partially heated by its contact with the drum G, and it may be utilized for mildly heating a ballroom, D, or basement-room, F, by means of the fiues G.

The flues O are to be supplied with air by means of flues 0, located or formed in or near the wall of the house, and extending from the roof to the basement. The flues O,wl1ich are to be arranged alongside of each other in position for communicating with their respective rooms, are each provided with a partition, 0, near the floor of its proper room, which partition divides the fiue into an upper part, p, for ventilation, and a lower part, 1), which communicates witha horizontal flue, 19 under or in the floor of the basement. The flue p leads into a foul-air chamber, I, located under the furnace, and it connects with a flue, O, by a pipe, q, which is smaller indiameter than the flue p, and which is to be supported Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the upper head near the bottom of the drum G at one side of The air in the upper concavity of said flue to provide apassage, 19 through which the heavier impurities of the air passing along the flue 19' may leak into the foul-air chamber, and thus be eliminated from the purer airwhich passes into the flue 0. Each flue O is provided with a register, 1', communicating with its proper room below the partition 0, and a register, '1', also below said partition, communicating with the outside air, while a register, 1*, located above the partition 0, provides a passage from the room to the ventilatingshaft p.

WVith the above construction, by closing the registers a" r and opening the register 4, as in room F, a complete and continuous circulation of the heated air entering the room will be produced, as indicated by the arrows. If the register r is closed and the registers r r are opened, as in room E, the heated air entering the room will pass up the ventilatingshaft 1), while cold fresh air from outside the house will enter the flue p and supply the flue O. In the first case greater heat will be produced, owing to the economizing of the heat, by the continuous circulation of the air; in the second case a less degree of heat will be produced, owing to the greater coldness of the air supplying the flues O, and either method of supplying air to the flues C may be employed, at the will of the occupants of each room so constructed, according to the degree of heat required, and without interfering with the proper ventilation of the room; orboth methods may be combined by partially opening all the registers,where an intermediate degree of heat is required.

The room D, being directly over the furnace, is provided with a return-flue, N, passing down through its floor, as shown in dotted lines, and is therefore adapted for using only circulated hot air. As the flue N opens into the drum H near its bottom, it serves also to supply air to support combustion, and if the cook a in the pipe N is closed, so that the flue N shall be the chief source for supplying air to support combustion, a slower draft may thereby be secured when required. The pipe 0, supplying hot air to room D, is fed from the drum H like the pipe 0, leading to the basement-room F. The room F may likewise return its air to the drum H in a direct way, or it may be returned through a flue, 19 and pipe q, having a leak-passage, 1)", into the.

foul-air chamber P.

The foul-air chamber is provided with a false bottom, 1, below'which the heavier impurities will sink and be protected from agitation by currents of air entering through the leak-passages, and from which they will rise through the escape-pipes Q, leading to the combustion-chamber or inner drum, G. In this manner the impure air will be fed to the flames or carried off with the smoke.

Fig. 5 shows an enlarged section of the registers 1' 1' T in which the registers r r are connected to one and the same shaft, to enable both to be operated by a single device and at a single operation. The said registers r *r are to be so arranged on the shaft that opening one will close the other. Any other convenient device or devices for operating the registers may be employed, if desired.

I am aware that a return air-circulating pipe has been provided with a branch pipe communicating with the outer air for supplying fresh air to the heating-drum, and that such return-pipe has been arranged to feed the foul air to the furnace. This construction, which I disclaim, differs from my invention, in that my circulating-pipes form a continuous flue through the heating-drum for every room in the house, thus preventing the admixture of air from different rooms, and the circulating-pipes are provided with leakpassages for the elimination of foul air there from.

What I claim is 1. The method of heating and ventilating buildings, consisting in conducting heated air to the room to be heated and returning it to the heater with the admixture of fresh air, and back to the room without being mingled with air from other rooms, substantially as specified.

2. The method of heating and ventilating buildings, consisting in conducting heated air to the room to be heated, returning it to the heater, (with or without the admixture of fresh air,) eliminating the impurities of the used air on its return passage, and conducting the pure air back to the room without being mingled with air from other rooms, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with a furnace, a hotair-conducting flue, and a room to be heated, of a return-flue for said air having registers leading to said room and to the outer air, and a ventilatingflue having a register leading to said room, substantially as shown and described, whereby the room may be heated by a continuous circulation of air, or by the passsage of air from the outside unmingled with the air within, or partly by both, as specified.

4. The combination, with a furnace, ahotair-conducting flue, and a room to be heated, of a return-flue connecting solely with said conducting-flue, to prevent admixture of air from difl'erent rooms, and having a leak-passage for the escape of foul air, substantially as shown and described.

5. The combination, with a furnace, a hotair-conducting flue, and a room to be heated,

of a return-flue having a leak-passage for the escape of foul air, a foul-air chamber having a false bottom, and escape-pipes leading from below said false bottom to the combustionchamber, substantially as shown and de scribed.

6. Ahouse heating and ventilating apparatus consisting of a series of continuous fiues which are entirely separate from each other, and which open into and lead from separate rooms, and a furnace or other heating apparatus for heating said fines collectively, subdiaphragm L, the pipe J, having damper K,

stantially as shown and described. and branch pipe J, extending below said dia- 7. The combination of the drums G and H, phragm, substantially as shown and described. 10 the fines G, passing separately through and IRA JAMES ORDWAY. 5 out the drums, and the fire-pot I, substan- Witnesses:

tially as shown and described. A. G. LYNE,

8. The combination of the fire-pot I, the SoLoN O. KEMoN. 

